The general objectives of the ANC are:

• Contribute to the development, progress and dissemination of the exact and natural sciences: Astronomy, Biological Sciences, Physics, Earth Sciences, Mathematics, Chemistry, and their interactions.
• To make known the results of research and studies through publications and scientific conferences.
• Generate strategies to offer scientific advice to different organizations and institutions of the State or the private sector.
• Promote links with other academies, universities and other national and international scientific institutions.
• To watch over the conservation and defense of the natural heritage of the country and the region and the sustainable use of its natural resources.
• To contribute to the improvement of science teaching at different levels of education.
• To increase the dissemination of the public image of the Academy, seeking the social appropriation of the cultural and scientific heritage of the institution.